探月工程中推进系统的初步设想

在总结国外探月活动的基础上,提出了我国探月工程中推进系统设计 的初步方案以及总体构成等,并分别就着陆器、上升舱和返回舱提出了推进系统 的初步设想,然后在此基础上提出了推进系统研制中要着重解决的几个问题。     

直升机砂尘环境试验风洞的温度控制及仿真

 直升机砂尘环境试验风洞内部的热负荷变化范围较大,高低热负荷工况下需要采取不同的调温措施,为了简便地解决其温度控制难题,在对其温度变化进行动态特性分析与建模的基础上,提出了一种引入风速协调因子的砂尘环境试验风洞温度控制策略,并对其控制效果进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明这一控制策略能在不同的热负荷条件下有效协调加热与制冷两种作用相反的控制措施,并将风洞内的温度控制在要求范围内。     

Effects of adiabaticity and non-adiabaticity of dust charge fluctuation on the propagation of the dust ion acoustic waves in inhomogeneous dusty plasma

A theoretical investigation has been made for adiabatic positive and negative dust charge fluctuations on the propagation of dust-ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) in a weakly inhomogeneous, collisionless, unmagnetized dusty plasmas consisting of cold positive ions, stationary positively and negatively charged dust particles and isothermal electrons. The reductive perturbation method is employed to reduce the basic set of fluid equations to the variable coefficients Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. Either compressive or rarefactive solitons are shown to exist depending on the critical value of the ion density, which in turn, depends on the inhomogeneous distribution of the ion. The dissipative effects of non-adiabatic dust charge variation has been studied which cause generation of dust ion acoustic shock waves governed by KdV-Burger (KdVB) equation. The results of the present investigation may be applicable to some dusty plasma environments, such as dusty plasma existing in polar mesosphere region.     

着陆作用下月尘激扬的三维离散元分析

基于模拟月尘的细观颗粒形状,采用刚性圆球单元重叠法建立了4种典型不规则模拟月尘颗粒的三维几何模型.根据月尘所处环境和颗粒间接触特性,建立了月尘离散元接触力学模型.通过三轴压缩实验离散元模拟的结果和模拟月尘的实际三轴压缩实验数据的对比,确定模拟月尘颗粒的三维离散元模型参数.采用建立的模型和获得的参数,进行了圆盘模拟体着陆...     

The Ice Survey Opportunity of ISO

The instruments on board the Infrared Space Observatory have for the first time allowed a complete low (PHOT, CVF) to medium resolution (SWS) spectroscopic harvest, from 2.5 to 45 μm, of interstellar dust. Amongst the detected solids present in starless molecular clouds surrounding recently born stellar and still embedded objects or products of the chemistry in some mass loss envelopes, the so-called “ice mantles” are of specific interest. They represent an interface between the very refractory carbonaceous and silicates materials that built the first grains with the rich chemistry taking place in the gas phase. Molecules condense, react on ices, are subjected to UV and cosmic ray irradiation at low temperatures, participating efficiently to the evolution toward more complex molecules, being in constant interaction in an ice layer. They also play an important role in the radiative transfer of molecular clouds and strongly affect the gas phase chemistry. ISO results shed light on many other species than H₂O ice. The detection of these van der Waal's solids is mainly performed in absorption. Each ice feature observed by ISO spectrometer is an important species, with abundance in the 10⁻⁴–10⁻⁷ range with respect to H₂. Such high abundances represent a substantial reservoir of matter that, once released later on, replenishes the gas phase and feeds the ladder of molecular complexity. Medium resolution spectroscopy also offers the opportunity to look at individual line profiles of the ice features, and therefore to progressively reveal the interactions taking place in the mantles. This article will give a view on selected results to avoid to overlap with the numerous reviews the reader is invited to consult (e.g. van Dishoeck, in press; Gibb et al., 2004.). Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.     

应用组合除尘技术治理手烧炉烟尘

本文介绍了一种集多种湿法除尘技术之长处于一体的新型组合式除尘装置，该装置不仅能有效地消除手烧锅炉燃烧时产生的烟尘，而且实现了除尘水的内循环，消除了其它湿式除尘器所带来的水的二次污染问题。     

21世纪的航天(续)

航天事业在20世纪已取得显著进展和辉煌成就。21世纪即将来临。在21世纪,世界航天如何发展、将取得哪些重大成就,是人们关注的话题。为此,笔者根据有关材料汇编了这份材料,以供参考。共4讲,第一、二讲已刊登在本刊1998年第4期,下面为第三、四讲。     

可复用小型月表着陆器设计优化及仿真分析

针对传统着陆器缓冲装置无法复用的不足,提出了一种可重复使用的小型着陆器,通过各关节上的摩擦制动装置吸收着陆冲击能量,由电机及扭簧组件实现再次起飞后着陆腿的姿态恢复,可满足多点飞跃探测的月表探测任务。完成了一维落震中单套着陆腿在竖直方向上的缓冲吸能动力学分析;基于径向基(RBF)代理模型,面向三种典型着陆工况,采用多目标协同优化方法,对单套着陆腿各关节制动扭矩进行了优化,优化后的缓冲吸能关节可有效降低着陆器在落震过程中的加速度峰值。最后进行了整机多工况落震仿真分析,结果表明,各着陆响应均满足设计要求,也可保证良好的着陆过程稳定性,可为中国后续开展星表单次任务多点位探测提供一种可行的解决方案。     

月球大范围探测巡视器及GNC技术发展综述

对月球大范围探测巡视器及相应制导、导航与控制(GNC)技术进行了综述。首先对月球大范围巡视探测需求进行分析,介绍了世界各国主要的月球大范围巡视器计划研究进展;其次针对月球大范围探测GNC技术研究现状进行了归纳整理,简要分析了进行月球大范围探测任务现存技术难点;最后为实现更加完备高效的月面大范围探测提出了月球大范围探测网构建设想,并分析了其构建目的、意义及关键技术。